Meadow saffron
Colchicum autumnale L.
Also known as: Autumn crocus, Naked ladies
Family: Colchicaceae
10 to 20 cm tall in flower
Damp meadows, gardens, rich soils
Flowering: August – October
Full sun
Part shade
Hardy to -25°C
❓ How do you recognise this plant?
Its flowers appear in autumn completely leafless — the leaves only grow the following spring, hence its nickname 'naked ladies'. Another dangerous and well-documented confusion: the young leaves of meadow saffron, which come out of the ground in spring, resemble those of ramsons. The same useful gesture applies: crush a leaf and smell it. Meadow saffron gives off no garlic smell, its leaves have no true petiole and come up grouped and upright, directly from the ground in a tight rosette. But as with lily of the valley, this is only one clue among others, not a guarantee: meadow saffron is extremely toxic, with no antidote — if in doubt, never eat it.
🍃 Leaves
Broad, glossy, appearing in spring well after flowering
🌸 Flowers
Large pink cup-shaped flowers, resembling crocuses, with no visible leaves
🍎 Fruits
Underground capsule appearing with the leaves in spring
🪵 Bark
Underground corm, no leafy aerial stem
🗺️ Distribution
Europe; common in damp lowland and mid-mountain meadows in France.
🐝 Value for pollinators
Mauve autumn flowers without leaves, a late source of nectar for the last pollinators of the season.
✂️ Horticultural uses
Naturalised in lawns and woodland, rock gardens; to be planted away from grazing areas or vegetable plots because of its toxicity.
⚠️ Possible toxicity
Extremely toxic in all parts (colchicine), including the leaves, which are mistaken for ramsons; ingestion can be fatal to humans and livestock.
ℹ️ Educational profile — do not use it to judge whether a plant is edible or safe.
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